Wheat Protein
Wheat protein is a natural protein derived from wheat or wheat flour. It is a major component of wheat, making up about 7-22% of its dry weight. The most well-known form of wheat protein is gluten, which is responsible for the unique elasticity and chewiness of wheat dough.How Wheat Protein is MadeThe process of extracting wheat protein is relatively simple and physical, not chemical. It involves:
Making dough: Wheat flour is mixed with water to form a dough.
Washing: The dough is repeatedly washed with water. This process removes the starch, leaving behind a sticky, elastic mass.
Drying: This protein-rich mass, known as vital wheat gluten, is then carefully dried to create a cream-to-tan colored powder.
This process also yields wheat starch, which is then used for a variety of other products.
Uses and Benefits
Wheat protein is highly valued for its functional properties in both food and cosmetic industries.
In Food:
- Meat Alternatives: Wheat protein is the primary ingredient in seitan, a popular meat substitute known for its chewy, meat-like texture.
- Protein Fortification: It is added to various foods to increase their protein content, such as cereals, protein bars, and pet food.
For Hair and Skin:
- Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein: This form of wheat protein is broken down into smaller molecules, making it easier for hair and skin to absorb. It's a common ingredient in cosmetic products.
- Hair Care: It is used in shampoos, conditioners, and hair masks to strengthen hair shafts, repair damage, and add volume. Its amino acid structure is similar to keratin, the natural protein in hair, which helps to hydrate hair and protect it from damage.
- Skincare: It can help reduce flaking and retain moisture in the skin, providing a smooth, soft, and supple feel. It also has some anti-aging properties, as it can help improve skin elasticity.
Nutritional Profile
While wheat protein is a good source of protein, it is important to note that it is an incomplete protein. This means it lacks one or more of the nine essential amino acids that the human body cannot produce on its own. For a complete amino acid profile, wheat protein should be consumed as part of a varied diet that includes other plant-based proteins (like legumes and nuts) or animal proteins.
Potential Health Concerns
For most people, wheat protein is safe to consume. However, because it contains gluten, it should be avoided by individuals with celiac disease or a non-celiac gluten sensitivity